Conclusion
|
Results of meta-analysis
|
Results of qualitative review
|
|
"The negative potential of CSA for most individuals who
have experienced it has been overstated." (p. 42)
|
Equivocal. Despite an overly inclusive definition. a healthy
sample, and multiple sources of attenuation. participants who reported
abuse were consistently found to be less well adjusted in 17 of the 18
types of psychological adjustment examined.
|
Not supported. Despite the preponderance of mild
experiences, a significant percentage of both men and woman indicated that
the abuse continued to exert a negative effect on their life.
|
|
"The college data were completely consistent with data
from national samples." (p. 22)
|
Not supported. Prevalence, severity,. and effect sizes
differed across the national surveys and often differed from college data.
|
Not examined.
|
|
Harm associated with CSA is likely due to negative family
factors.
|
Equivocal. Family environment and CSA are too highly
correlated to accurately disentangle in retrospective quasi-experimental
designs.
|
Not examined.
|
|
Negative effects associated with CSA "are often only
temporary." (p. 37)
|
Not supported. Adults who reported CSA were less well
adjusted than their peers despite the fact that in most cases the abuse
had occurred many years previously.
|
Not supported when inappropriate data from non-CSA
experiences are disregarded.
|
|
"The relation between CSA and adjustment problems was
generally stronger for women than men." (p. 42) |
Not supported. Moderator analysis did not demonstrate a
gender difference. After correcting for base-rate differences. global
effect sizes for men and women were nearly identical.
|
Equivocal. Men were more likely to report neutral or
positive reactions; however, they tended to experience less serious abuse.
Men's subjective perceptions often did not correlate with objective
outcomes.
|
|
"Adjustment was associated with level of consent for
men, but not for women." (p. 34)
|
Not supported. After correcting for base-rate differences,
effect size estimates for male and female samples in the
all-levels-of-consent group were nearly identical.
|
Not examined.
|
|
"Willing" participants displayed "normal
adjustment." (p. 46)
|
Not supported. "Willing" experiences were never
directly measured. The 95% confidence interval did not include zero in the
all-levels-of-consent groups.
|
Not examined.
|
